Pattern for horizontal casting systems



y 21, 1953' w. H. JOHNSON 2,645,830

PATTERN FOR HORIZONTAL CASTING SYSTEMS v Filed May 4, 1950 INVENTOR WILLIAM H. JOHNSON Y AITTORNIEYQ Patented July 21, 1953 UNIITEVDVVSTATES PATENT OFFICE PATTERN FOR HORIZONTAL CASTING SYSTEMS:

1 William H. Johnson, Washington, D. .A pplicationMay 4, 1950, San No. 159,911

f4 Claims (outta-[157 (Granted underzTitle 35, U..S. Code (1952') This invention relatesto the improvements in the casting of metals, more particularly to new systems for the pouring of metals in hori-'- zontal casting and to pattern plates for the molding of foundry cores which embody' the new pouring systems of the invention.

Horizontal casting of metal as commonly carried out in the foundry involves a system'including a straight runner, to which is connected a series of horizontally arranged conduits, called finger gates, which lead into the casting mold or cavity. The sprue may feed to the end or center of the runner which is of the conventionally larger size and equal in cross-section to the sprue. The larger size runner provides adequate. volume in the runner for flow of the metalequally to all of the finger gates. to attain smooth, quiet, uniform fiow through all the finger gates but experience hasshown this desirable result to be seldom obtained. With the use of a runner and finger gates of the conventional larger size, the metal generally tends to flow more copiously throughjsome of the finger gates than others with resulting uneven flow of the metal into the mold. This 1111- even fiow of the metal develops local areas of turbulence in the casting mold with the result that dressing occurs in the case of non-ferrous metals. If on the other hand, the finger gates are made small enough in cross section to obtain uniform fiow therethrough, the metal is propelled into the casting mold under a terrific jet action which develops a large degree of turbulence in the mold, giving rise to sand erosion and possible poor surface appearance of the casting, and in the case of non-ferrous metals, drossing as well.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved. system for the pouring of metal in horizontal casting.

It is a further object of the invention to provide an improved system for the pouring of metal in horizontal casting in which smooth, quiet, uniform flow of the metal through all of the finger gates can be obtained without the necessity of resorting to finger gates of small area or cross-section.

It is another object of the invention to provide pattern plates from which can be molded foundry forms embodying the new pouring systems of the invention.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the description thereof which follows:

Briefly stated, I have found that metals can be induced to fiow through all the finger gates The art has worked ina; smooth, quiet uniform manner to the cast ing mold of a horizontal casting system,with the advantages of materially reducing turbulence in the mold and the resulting undesirable results, by providing in combination a bentrunner of inverted V-shape to which is connected on the apex side thereof an even multiple of equi-spaced finger gates," at least four, which lead to the casting mold or cavity.

" In another aspect of my invention, I have provided pattern plates for the new pouring systems from which, in the usual way, can be molded foundry forms which embody the new pouring systems. These pattern plates carry on a broad face thereof a'r'aised design of the new pouring systems, the raised design taking the form of a series of interconnected bosses corresponding to the several elements of the pouring system.

The bent runner is of conventionally large size, as are'the finger gates. 'The sumof the crosssectional areas of the finger gates is at least about twice that of the runner which in cross section isthesame as the sprue. The angle'between the arms of the inverted V-shaped runner may range from about to or The finger gates are spaced apart an equal distance therebetween and may be of varying length, although in'proportion to one another. Thus, the runner may be spaced'at varying distances from the casting mold or cavity.

The invention will be more fully understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which like parts carry like numerals and in which:

' Figure 1 is a perspective View of a pattern plate carrying a raised design of an improved pouring system of the invention, and

Figure 1A. is a schematic showing, in operative set up with a casting mold or cavity, of the improved pouring system forming the subject matter for the pattern plate of Figure 1.

Referring to Figure 1A, the usual sprue (not shown) leads to the center of a runner l of inverted V-shape having divergent arms 2 and 3 set apart at an angle of 120. A series of four equally spaced finger gates are connected to the apex side of the runner I, one pair 4 and 5 to the arm 2 thereof and the corresponding pair 6 and I to the arm 3. The finger gates extend in the same plane as the runner and lead into a casting mold or cavity 8 shown in conventionalized form. As shown inthe drawing, the finger gates are of lesser depth than the runner and center thereof. Initially, the metal fiows fully only through the terminal finger gates 4 and 1 tached to and extending laterally from the apex side of the inverted V-shaped boss and arranged in equal numberon the arms thereof, said equispaced parallel bosses being of lower height and smaller cross-sectional area than the inverted V-shaped boss and the sum of the cross-sectional areas of said equi-spaced parallel bosses being at least twice that of the inverted V- shaped boss.

but in the space of seconds full flow is established through the middle two finger gates 6 and 8,- also.

The metal thereafter proceeds to flow fully through all of the finger gates in a quiet, smo th uniform manner to complete the casting.

In Figure 1, pattern plate 9 is shown provided with a raised design of the pouring system of Figure 1A. The raised design is constituted by a series of connected bosses which correspond to the elements of the pouring system and are identified by the like numerals. The pattern plates may be made of wood, metal or other suitable material and the raised design provided thereon in known manner.

Since various modifications and changes may be made in the invention without departing from the spirit or scope thereof, it is not intended that it shall be limited to the herein described specific embodiments thereof but only as is required by the prior art and the appended claims.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

What is claimed is:

1. A pattern plate for molding foundry pouring forms having a centrally fed horizontal runher, said pattern plate having attached to a broad face thereof a system of bosses of generally rectangular cross-section having the upper edges thereof rounded oil, said system of bosses including an inverted V-shaped boss having arms of equal length which diverge at an angle of between about 80 and 120, and an even multiple, numbering at least four, of equi-spaced, equi-cross-sectional area, parallel bosses at- 2. A pattern plate as defined in claim 1, wherein the arms of the inverted V-shaped boss di- "verge at an angle of about 120.

3. A pattern plate as defined in claim 1,

wherein the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the equi-sp'aced' parallel bosses is twice that of the inverted V-shaped boss.

4. A pattern for the molding of foundry pouring forms having a centrally fed horizontal runner, said pattern comprising a system of bars of generally rectangular cross-section having their bottom faces rounded off at the edges and their upper .fiat faces lying in a common plane, said system of bars including an inverted V- shaped bar having arms of equal length which diverge at an angle of between about and and an even multiple, numbering at least four. of equi-spaced, equi-cross-sectional area, parallel bars attached to and extending laterally from the apex side of the inverted V-shaped bar and arranged in equal number on the arms thereof, said equi-spaced parallel bars being of lesser depth and smaller cross-sectional area than the inverted V-shaped bar and the sum of the crosssectional areas of said equi-spaced parallel bars being at least twice that of the inverted V- shaped bar.

WILLIAM H. JOHNSON.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,247,771 Hagemeyer July 1, 1941 2,529,647 Arnette Nov. 14, 1950 OTHER REFERENCES The Foundry, October 1948, pages 63-73, inclusive, and 252. 

